Flavonoids

Flavonoids are a large class of polyphenolic compounds found throughout cannabis plant tissue, distinct from volatile terpenes but often discussed alongside them in cannabinoid research. These pigments and antioxidants contribute to flower coloration (purples, reds, blues) and are present in leaves, bracts, and resin. While volatile aromatic terpenes readily evaporate, flavonoids remain stable in plant material and dried cannabis. Breeding programs frequently select for flavonoid-rich genetics to achieve desired visual phenotypes and preserve plant integrity during storage. Flavonoid profiles vary significantly across strains and are inherited traits that breeders document when establishing stable lineages.

Breeders working with photoperiod and autoflowering lines often track flavonoid expression as a visible marker of genetic stability and environmental response. Stabilizing flavonoid-heavy phenotypes requires multi-generation selection, particularly when crossing diverse genetic backgrounds to maintain color expression and antioxidant compound density.