Plant Biochemistry

Plant biochemistry encompasses the chemical processes and molecular pathways that govern terpene synthesis, cannabinoid production, and secondary metabolite formation in cannabis. Understanding these pathways—including isoprene units, methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathways, and phenylpropanoid cascades—provides insight into how genetic expression translates to chemical phenotype. Breeders and researchers study these biochemical mechanisms to understand trait inheritance, stability across environments, and the relationship between genotype and observed aroma/flavor profiles. Cannabis biochemistry remains an active area of study, with lineage records increasingly documenting how parent genetics influence terpene ratios and cannabinoid proportions in offspring.

Breeders working in advanced selection programs increasingly incorporate biochemical knowledge to predict and stabilize desired chemical profiles across generations. Understanding biosynthetic pathways helps explain phenotypic variance and informs targeted crosses aimed at enhancing or maintaining specific terpene ratios or cannabinoid expression.