Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) is an analytical laboratory technique used to identify and quantify individual terpenes and cannabinoids in cannabis samples. The method separates volatile compounds through heat-based chromatography, then uses mass spectrometry to determine molecular weight and structure, providing precise chemical fingerprints of cultivars. GC-MS serves as the reference standard in cannabis testing labs and breeding programs for verifying strain authenticity and terpene profiles. Unlike field-based sensory assessment, GC-MS delivers reproducible, compound-by-compound data that breeders rely on when tracking genetic stability and phenotypic consistency across generations.

Breeders use GC-MS results to document and verify terpene ratios within strain lines, ensuring consistency in offspring and informing selection for specific volatile profiles. This data is essential for establishing cultivar standards and detecting genetic drift or contamination in seed production.