Terpene Caryophyllene

Caryophyllene is a sesquiterpene commonly found across cannabis cultivars and in black pepper, cloves, and hops. In cannabis genetics, caryophyllene-dominant strains are frequently documented in peppery and spicy aroma families, with lineage records often associating it with OG Kush, Sour Diesel, and hash plant genetics. Breeders classify caryophyllene presence using gas chromatography and sensory evaluation. This terpene is structurally unique—it's the only known dietary cannabinoid-like compound that binds CB2 receptors, making it a focus in phytochemical research. Caryophyllene levels vary significantly across phenotypes within the same strain, influenced by growing conditions, harvest timing, and genetic expression.

Cannabis breeders working in peppery and fuel-aroma categories often select parent plants for caryophyllene profiles using both instrumental analysis and empirical terpene profiling. Maintaining caryophyllene expression during stabilization requires consistent phenotype selection and environmental controls, as this terpene can degrade under heat and oxidation.