Dominant Recessive Traits

Dominant and recessive traits describe how alleles (gene variants) express across generations in cannabis breeding. A dominant trait manifests when inherited from just one parent, while recessive traits require matching copies from both parents to appear in offspring. Understanding this inheritance pattern is fundamental to predictive breeding, allowing cultivators to anticipate phenotypic outcomes and stabilize desired characteristics. Classical Mendelian genetics applies to cannabis, though polyploidy and complex trait interactions can complicate simple 1:1 ratios. Breeders use test crosses and detailed genealogical tracking to map trait dominance within their lines.

Breeders leverage dominant/recessive mapping to select parents, predict F1 vigor, and develop stable IBL (inbred line) and F1 hybrid cultivars. Identifying which traits are dominant accelerates stabilization of breeding stock and helps create true-breeding lines for commercial seed production.