Snp Single Nucleotide Polymorphism

A Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) is a variation in a single DNA base pair that occurs at a specific genomic location within a population. In cannabis genetics, SNPs serve as molecular markers that distinguish individual plants and lineages at the DNA sequence level. Unlike visual or phenotypic traits, SNPs are detected through genomic sequencing and represent the most granular form of genetic difference. Breeders and researchers use SNP mapping to track inheritance patterns, verify genetic purity, and establish breeding stock relationships with precision. SNP data has become foundational to modern cannabis genomics, enabling parentage verification and the construction of detailed genetic maps across cultivars.

Breeders employ SNP genotyping to confirm plant identity, detect cross-contamination in seed production, and map trait inheritance without relying on phenotypic expression. SNP panels allow rapid screening of large breeding populations to identify recombinants and preserve rare alleles associated with desired characteristics.