Polygenic Traits

Polygenic traits in cannabis are characteristics controlled by multiple genes rather than a single locus, resulting in continuous variation rather than discrete phenotypes. Examples include plant height, flowering time, cannabinoid ratios, and terpene profiles. These traits typically show normal distribution across populations and are heavily influenced by environmental factors alongside genetic contribution. Understanding polygenic inheritance is crucial for cannabis breeders attempting to stabilize desired characteristics across generations. Unlike single-gene traits that follow Mendelian patterns, polygenic traits require larger sample sizes and longer breeding cycles to reliably predict offspring outcomes.

Breeders working with polygenic traits typically employ selection across multiple generations, often using quantitative genetics approaches to identify and concentrate favorable alleles. Stability in polygenic traits generally requires either extensive inbreeding to fix combinations, or maintenance of heterozygosity through hybrid breeding strategies.