Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) is an analytical technique that combines liquid chromatography separation with mass spectrometry detection to identify and quantify cannabinoid and terpene compounds in cannabis samples. The method separates complex plant extracts into individual chemical components, then measures their molecular weight and structure with high precision. LC-MS is commonly used in breeding programs and quality assurance to establish accurate cannabinoid profiles, including minor cannabinoids like CBDA, CBGA, and THCV that other methods may miss. Unlike Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), LC-MS does not require heat, preserving heat-sensitive compounds for more accurate profiling of raw plant material. This technique has become standard in regulated markets for compliance testing and genetic characterization.

Breeders employ LC-MS data to identify and stabilize desired cannabinoid ratios and minor cannabinoid expression within lineages. Accurate chemical profiling through LC-MS helps establish which parent plants carry recessive or co-dominant traits for specific cannabinoid production.