Genotype Notation

Genotype notation is a standardized system for documenting the genetic makeup of cannabis plants, particularly regarding cannabinoid and terpene-producing genes. Breeders use alphanumeric codes and symbols to record allele combinations—such as THC/CBD ratios expressed as dominant or recessive traits—creating reproducible records across breeding programs. This notation differs from phenotype (observable traits) by focusing on inherited genetic information rather than environmental expression. Common systems include simple dominant/recessive markers (e.g., THC+/THC− or CBD+/CBD−) and more complex multi-locus models used in advanced breeding. Accurate genotype notation enables breeders to predict offspring traits, stabilize line characteristics, and communicate genetic data reliably across the industry. Standardized notation remains an evolving practice in cannabis genetics as sequencing te

Breeders rely on genotype notation to track inheritance patterns across generations, predict cannabinoid and terpene profiles in F1 and F2 crosses, and stabilize desired traits in cultivar development. Clear genetic documentation supports selective breeding programs and helps distinguish between phenotypic variation caused by environment versus fixed genetic differences.